The Role of Immune System in Migraine Pathophysiology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48208/HeadacheMed.2024.14Keywords:
Migraine disorders, Headache , Immune system, InflammationAbstract
Migraine is a disease characterized by recurrent episodes of headache mediated by trigeminal activation and release of CGRP peptide. Additionally, there is a complex interaction with the immune system through neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation, with an imbalance between the pro-inflammatory response and the regulatory response. The innate immune system acts in migraine mainly through the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines, notably IL-1β, whose production may occur in the cortex-meningeal complex due to spreading cortical depression or in the trigeminal ganglion sensitized by CGRP. Some evidence also suggests an effect of the adaptive immune system Th1 and mainly Th2, culminating in the activation of meningeal mast cells. On the other hand, regulatory T cells are quantitatively decreased in migraine, and there are fluctuations in the levels of IL-10, the main anti-inflammatory cytokine. There is evidence of the immune system's involvement in migraine; however, its effect is still poorly understood, requiring further investigation.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Aline Vitali da Silva, Valéria Aparecida Bello, Regina Célia Poli Frederico, Carlos Eduardo Coral de Oliveira, Adriano Torres Antonucci, Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche, Andréa Name Colado Simão (Author)
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