![](data:image/png;base64,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)
245
ASAA
Lima TAC, Peres MFP, Silberstein SD
Applicability of DSM-V substance use disorder (SUD) criteria in medication overuse headache (MOH)
Thaiza Agostini Córdoba de Lima
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6694-5259,
Mario Fernando Prieto Peres
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-1905
Stephen D Silberstein
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9467-5567
References
1. Diener HC, Dodick D, Evers S, Holle D, Jensen RH,
Lipton RB, . . . Schwedt T. Pathophysiology, prevention,
and treatment of medication overuse headache.
Lancet
Neurol 2019;18(9):891-902 Doi:10.1016/s1474-
4422(19)30146-2
2. The International Classification of Headache Disorders,
3rd edition (beta version).
Cephalalgia
2013;33(9):629-
808 Doi:10.1177/0333102413485658
3. Vincent MB. Controversy over the classification of
medication-overuse headache.
Curr Pain Headache Rep
2012;16(1):80-85 Doi:10.1007/s11916-011-0229-8
4. Scher AI, Rizzoli PB and Loder EW. Medication overuse
headache: An entrenched idea in need of scrutiny.
Neurology
2017;89(12):1296-1304 Doi:10.1212/
wnl.0000000000004371
5. Bigal ME, Serrano D, Buse D, Scher A, Stewart WF and
Lipton RB. Acute migraine medications and evolution
from episodic to chronic migraine: a longitudinal
population-based study.
Headache
2008;48(8):1157-
1168 Doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01217.x
6. Carlsen LN, Munksgaard SB, Jensen RH and Bendtsen L.
Complete detoxification is the most effective treatment of
medication-overuse headache: A randomized controlled
open-label trial.
Cephalalgia
2018;38(2):225-236
Doi:10.1177/0333102417737779
7. Valguarnera F and Tanganelli P. The efficacy of
withdrawal therapy in subjects with chronic daily
headache and medication overuse following
prophylaxis with topiramate and amitriptyline.
Neurol
Sci
2010;31(Suppl 1):175-177 Doi:10.1007/s10072-
010-0319-0
8. Paolucci M, Altamura C, Brunelli N, Rizzo AC, Assenza
F, Pasqualetti P and Vernieri F. Methylprednisolone plus
diazepam i.v. as bridge therapy for medication overuse
headache.
Neurol Sci
2017;38(11):2025-2029
Doi:10.1007/s10072-017-3098-z
9. Smith SM, Dart RC, Katz NP, Paillard F, Adams EH,
Comer SD, . . . Dworkin RH. Classification and definition
of misuse, abuse, and related events in clinical trials:
ACTTION systematic review and recommendations.
Pain
2013;154(11):2287-2296 Doi:10.1016/j.
pain.2013.05.053
10. Cooper R. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (DSM).
KO Knowledge Organization
2017;44(8):668-676 Doi:10.5771/0943-7444-2017-
8-668
11. Radat F, Creac'h C, Guegan-Massardier E, Mick G,
Guy N, Fabre N, . . . Lantéri-Minet M. Behavioral
dependence in patients with medication overuse
headache: a cross-sectional study in consulting patients
using the DSM-IV criteria.
Headache
2008;48(7):1026-
1036 Doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00999.x
12. Lundqvist C, Gossop M, Russell MB, Straand
J and Kristoffersen ES. Severity of Analgesic
Dependence and Medication-overuse Headache.
J
Addict Med
2019;13(5):346-353 Doi:10.1097/
adm.0000000000000504
13. Hasin D, Hatzenbuehler ML, Keyes K and Ogburn E.
Substance use disorders: Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-
IV) and International Classification of Diseases, tenth
edition (ICD-10).
Addiction
2006;101(Suppl 1):59-75
Doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01584.x
14. Radat F, Chanraud S, Di Scala G, Dousset V and Allard
M. Psychological and neuropsychological correlates of
dependence-related behaviour in medication overuse
headaches: a one year follow-up study.
J Headache
Pain
2013;14(1):59 Doi:10.1186/1129-2377-14-59
15. Figee M, Pattij T, Willuhn I, Luigjes J, van den Brink
W, Goudriaan A, . . . Denys D. Compulsivity in
obsessive-compulsive disorder and addictions.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol
2016;26(5):856-868
Doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.12.003
16. Shagbazyan A.E., Sergeev A.V., Evdokimova E.M.,
Kurbanbagamaeva R.R. and G.R T. The role of
emotional and behavioral disorders in the development
of drug dependence in patients with medication-induced
headache (review).
Nevrologiya, Neiropsikhiatriya,
Psikhosomatika
2016;8(3):76-81 Doi:10.14412/2074-
2711-2016-3-76-81
17. Chanraud S, Di Scala G, Dilharreguy B, Schoenen
J, Allard M and Radat F. Brain functional
connectivity and morphology changes in medication-
overuse headache: Clue for dependence-related
processes?
Cephalalgia
2014;34(8):605-615
Doi:10.1177/0333102413519514
18. Radat F and Lanteri-Minet M. What is the role of
dependence-related behavior in medication-overuse
headache?
Headache
2010;50(10):1597-1611
Doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2010.01755.x
19. Ferrari A, Coccia C and Sternieri E. Past, present,
and future prospects of medication-overuse headache
classification.
Headache
2008;48(7):1096-1102
Doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.00919.x
20. Roerig JL, Steffen KJ, Mitchell JE and Zunker C. Laxative